COMMUNCIATION THEORIES

SUMMARY
Communication theories started way back in the 367 BC in ancient Greece. It was at that time called as Rhetoric. The great speaker Aristotle then said that communication has 3 parts to it the they are the speaker (organization) the subject (message) and the listener (constituent). All these parts are very essential for the communication to be effective. Organizations today make use of all these parts along with various high end technologies to communicate with their constituents.

The various theories of communication are as follows: -
Harold Lasswell’s model (1948)
He gave a generalised goal of communication. He said who says what to whom in what channel with what effect.”
He mainly focused on spoken and oral messages.

Shannon & Weaver’s model (1949)
They mainly looked at oral messages but they did not equate the information to the meaning. They mainly dealt with only mechanics and not about the meaning of the message or the information it conveyed to the people. They only looked into the aspect of the message reaching the concerned listener.

Schramm’s 1st model (1954)
He was the founderer of communication studies. He tried to establish a common source between the sender and the receiver of the message.

Schramm’s 2nd model
Here he introduced field of experience in the communication process.

Schramm’s 3rd model
Here Schramm introduced the feedback concept into communication process in order to understand whether the listener has got the message in the intended way.

Westley - MacLean model
Mass models were looked into in this theory Westley and MacLean said that every communication begins with an event. In this model an advocate was introduced which represented both mass communication and feedback

Kincaid’s model (1979)
Kincaid said that communication is a process in which A&B communicate to reach a mutual understanding. The model goes through a cycle and once the mutual understanding is reached the communication ceases. Here communication is seen as a series of event and not as a single event.

INDUSTRIAL EXAMPLES
I can think of the FM Radio industry which uses the Westley & maclean model for communicating with the public at large. The communication starts with an event and flows towards the people for their opinions and feedback is received.

REFERENCES
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_theory
http://www.mhhe.com/mayfieldpub/westturner/student_resources/theories.htm
http://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&id=wDxg-wq_cmMC&dq=origin+of+communication+theories&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=ntzv_KCtGc&sig=tM8KshVqRDHqarQd2uevaN6U-7c&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=9&ct=result#PPA9,M1

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
This can be related to the experience of speaking to a journalist of a new station who is collecting information from people about a particular event. All the people are asked a single question and their opinion is collected by the journalist who will consolidate the same and present the views to the general public.